Useful utility functions – 0 of n

This is the first in what I’m sure will be a lengthy series of posts about utility functions I find myself needing time and time again.  When I say utility function, I generally just mean a static function that does something useful (aka helper function), whose logic is often self-contained and unrelated to a specific class or component.

The first of these methods I never knew I was missing until I played around with Processing one weekend.  The method in question is a mapping function taking a value in one range to a value in another range.  Its signature is as follows:

map(value, low1, high1, low2, high2)

The Processing description of the method says

Re-maps a number from one range to another. In the example above, the number ‘25’ is converted from a value in the range 0..100 into a value that ranges from the left edge (0) to the right edge (width) of the screen.

Numbers outside the range are not clamped to 0 and 1, because out-of-range values are often intentional and useful.

My Java implementation of map is as follows:

/**
 * @param value The incoming value to be converted
 * @param low1  Lower bound of the value's current range
 * @param high1 Upper bound of the value's current range
 * @param low2  Lower bound of the value's target range
 * @param high2 Upper bound of the value's target range
 */
public static final double map(double value, double low1, double high1, double low2, double high2) {

    double diff = value - low1;
    double proportion = diff / (high1 - low1);

    return lerp(low2, high2, proportion);
}

// Linearly interpolate between two values
public static final double lerp(double value1, double value2, double amt) {
    return ((value2 - value1) * amt) + value1;
}

Any time you’re converting from one range of numbers to another, this method will come in handy.  You probably have code already to handle this on an ad hoc basis; I know I certainly did before seeing the method in Processing.  Hopefully this is helpful to you.